ارائه رویکرد جدید انتخاب تأمین‌کنندگان بر مبنای مدل کرالجیک با استفاده از تکنیک FMEA و برنامه‌ریزی عدد صحیح

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی- فارسی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد نجف آباد، باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان

2 دانشیار مهندسی صنایع، پردیس دانشکده های فنی، دانشگاه تهران

3 استاد مهندسی صنایع، پردیس دانشکده های فنی، دانشگاه تهران

4 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نجف‌آباد

چکیده

  طی سالیان گذشته، روش‌های زیادی برای ارزیابی و انتخاب تأمین کنندگان ارائه شده است، اما نکته‌ای که معمولاً از آن غفلت شده است، نقش اقلام خرید در این فرآیند است. هدف این مقاله، ارائه رویکردی برای انتخاب تأمین‌کنندگان و تخصیص سفارش‌های خرید بر مبنای ماهیت اقلام خرید است؛ به این معنا که ماهیت اقلام خرید در فرآیند ارزیابی تأمین کنندگان و تخصیص سفارش‌های خرید نقش مستقیمی دارد. به این منظور، ابتدا اقلام خرید به وسیله تکنیک تجزیه و تحلیل حالات بالقوه خرابی و آثار آن ( FMEA ) بر مبنای مدل کرالجیک دسته‌بندی می‌شوند. سپس تأمین کنندگان با درنظر گرفتن ماهیت اقلام خرید (اقلام استراتژیک، گلوگاهی، اهرمی و عادی) طی چهار مرحله به ازای دسته‌بندی صورت گرفته ارزیابی و اولویت‌بندی می‌شوند. با استفاده از یک مدل برنامه‌ریزی عدد صحیح تخصیص سفارش‌های خرید به تأمین کنندگان صورت می‌گیرد. در این پژوهش، از یک مثال کاربردی برای تشریح مراحل رویکرد پیشنهادی استفاده شده است. نتایج به‌دست آمده از پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که رتبه‌بندی تأمین کنندگان و تخصیص سفارش‌های خرید با درنظر گرفتن ماهیت اقلام خرید توانمندی بیشتری برای مدیریت اقلام خرید و تأمین کنندگان ایجاد خواهد نمود.    

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Proposing a New Approach for Supplier Selection Based on Kraljic’s Model Using FMEA and Integer Linear Programming

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. Mohammad Arabzad 1
  • Jafar Razmi 2
  • Reza Tavakkoli-Moghaddam 3
  • Mazaher Ghorbani 4
1 M.Sc. in Industrial Engineering, Young Researchers Club, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Isfahan
2 Associate Professor, Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran
3 Professor, Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran
4 M.Sc. in Industrial Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Isfahan
چکیده [English]

In recent years, numerous methods have been proposed to deal with supplier evaluation and selection problem, but a point which has been usually neglected by researchers is the role of purchasing items. The aim of this paper is to propose an integrated approach to select suppliers and allocate orders on the basis of the nature of the purchasing items which means that this issue plays an important role in supplier selection and order allocation. Therefore, items are first categorized according to the Kraljic’s model by the use of FMEA technique. Then, suppliers are categorized and evaluated in four phases with respect to different types of purchasing items (Strategic, Bottleneck, Leverage and Routine). Finally, an integer linear programming is utilized to allocate purchasing orders to suppliers. Furthermore, an empirical example is conducted to illustrate the stage of proposed approach. Results imply that ranking of suppliers and allocation of purchasing items based on the nature of purchasing items will create more capabilities in managing purchasing items and suppliers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Supplier Selection
  • Kraljic's model
  • Integer Linear Programming
  • FMEA

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